[ProCOR] Endothelial function in sedentary women without CVD
[Women who exhibited higher levels of physical fitness had better endothelial function than less fit women; whereas women with no identifiable risk factors for CVD had higher measures of endothelial function.]
Title: Relation of endothelial function to cardiovascular risk in women with sedentary occupations and without known cardiovascular disease
Authors: MF Lippincott, A Carlow, A Desai, A Blum, et al.
Reference: Am J Cardiol 2008; 102: 348-352, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00029149
Reviewer: Robert Goldberg, PhD, Contributing editor, ProCor; Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
Problem addressed: Endothelial function and CVD risk factors in apparently healthy middle-aged women.
Purpose of study: To examine the association between proxy measures of endothelial function and risk factors for CVD in apparently healthy sedentary women.
Location of study: Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Study design: A total of 90 women aged 22-63 years (mean = 44 years) participated in this cross-sectional observational study. Approximately three out of every five women were Caucasian, their average BMI was 30, and nearly one half had one or more risk factors for CVD present as ascertained by either history or as determined during screening. These risk factors included diabetes, hypertension, current cigarette smoking, and elevated blood pressure or serum lipid levels. Brachial artery responsiveness testing was utilized to reflect endothelial function with this test performed on study subjects in a standardized manner.
Results: Women in this study had an average baseline arterial diameter of 3.2 mm and flow mediated dilatation of 8.1%. Women with one or more risk factors for CVD had lower brachial artery flow mediation values than women without these risk factors (7.0 vs 9.2%). In multivariate analysis examining the relationship between a variety of demographic and risk factors with flow mediated dilatation, advancing age and peak VO2 levels achieved during exercise were associated with extent of brachial artery flow mediated dilatation. In addition, endothelial function was inversely related to Framingham risk scores in this cohort, an association which was observed in Caucasian, African American, and Asian women.
Comments: The results of the present study provide further evidence for the benefits to be accrued from being physically fit and for maintaining as low levels as possible of the major established risk factors for CVD. Women who exhibited higher levels of physical fitness had better endothelial function than less fit women, irrespective of levels of adiposity, whereas women with no identifiable risk factors for CVD had higher measures of endothelial function. While the mechanisms for these associations remain speculative, and were unable to be systematically assessed given the cross-sectional nature of the present study, these data provide additional support for the role of cardiorespiratory fitness, and development of a routine exercise program, as well as either the prevention and/or modification of important coronary risk factors in the prevention of CVD and potentially of underlying atherosclerosis.
Title: Relation of endothelial function to cardiovascular risk in women with sedentary occupations and without known cardiovascular disease
Authors: MF Lippincott, A Carlow, A Desai, A Blum, et al.
Reference: Am J Cardiol 2008; 102: 348-352, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00029149
Reviewer: Robert Goldberg, PhD, Contributing editor, ProCor; Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
Problem addressed: Endothelial function and CVD risk factors in apparently healthy middle-aged women.
Purpose of study: To examine the association between proxy measures of endothelial function and risk factors for CVD in apparently healthy sedentary women.
Location of study: Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Study design: A total of 90 women aged 22-63 years (mean = 44 years) participated in this cross-sectional observational study. Approximately three out of every five women were Caucasian, their average BMI was 30, and nearly one half had one or more risk factors for CVD present as ascertained by either history or as determined during screening. These risk factors included diabetes, hypertension, current cigarette smoking, and elevated blood pressure or serum lipid levels. Brachial artery responsiveness testing was utilized to reflect endothelial function with this test performed on study subjects in a standardized manner.
Results: Women in this study had an average baseline arterial diameter of 3.2 mm and flow mediated dilatation of 8.1%. Women with one or more risk factors for CVD had lower brachial artery flow mediation values than women without these risk factors (7.0 vs 9.2%). In multivariate analysis examining the relationship between a variety of demographic and risk factors with flow mediated dilatation, advancing age and peak VO2 levels achieved during exercise were associated with extent of brachial artery flow mediated dilatation. In addition, endothelial function was inversely related to Framingham risk scores in this cohort, an association which was observed in Caucasian, African American, and Asian women.
Comments: The results of the present study provide further evidence for the benefits to be accrued from being physically fit and for maintaining as low levels as possible of the major established risk factors for CVD. Women who exhibited higher levels of physical fitness had better endothelial function than less fit women, irrespective of levels of adiposity, whereas women with no identifiable risk factors for CVD had higher measures of endothelial function. While the mechanisms for these associations remain speculative, and were unable to be systematically assessed given the cross-sectional nature of the present study, these data provide additional support for the role of cardiorespiratory fitness, and development of a routine exercise program, as well as either the prevention and/or modification of important coronary risk factors in the prevention of CVD and potentially of underlying atherosclerosis.
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