Sex differences in stroke epidemiology. A systematic review
This study found that despite differences between men and women with regards to the risk of a first stroke, there was relatively wide variation in the incidence rates, and age of onset, of acute stroke in the different populations examined...
Statins and risk of incident diabetes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomized statin trials
While statin therapy has unquestioned benefits in the secondary management of patients with established CHD, conflicting results have emerged with regards to the prevention of diabetes in adults taking these agents. The results of the present meta-analysis raise questions about the efficacy of statins in reducing the risk of diabetes..
Evaluation of the American Heart Association Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Guideline for Women.
This study compares the 2007 updated American Heart Association (AHA) prevention guidelines for women to the Framingham risk algorithm. The authors found that the 2007 AHA guidelines and Framingham 10-year risk categories predicted coronary events with similar accuracy...
The potency of team-based care interventions for hypertension
The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of research literature in order to "evaluate the potency of team-based care involving pharmacists or nurses" in addressing the poor control of blood pressure in the United States...
Neighborhood socioeconomic context and long-term survival after myocardial infarction
In addition to assessing individual socioeconomic status (SES), this study documents the influence of neighborhood SES on survival after a myocardial infarction (MI). As expected, the influence on survival by neighborhood SES is as strong as or stronger than individual SES...
Effect of school based physical activity programme (KISS) on fitness and adiposity in primary schoolchildren: cluster randomised controlled trial
Obesity in children has been increasing at a remarkable rate in the last decade in both developed and developing countries. This article presents the assessment of a school based, multi-component physical activity intervention which improved physical activity and fitness and reduced adiposity in children...
Reaching Spanish-speaking smokers: State-level evidence of untapped potential for Quitline utilization.
Telephone quitline, rarely available in developing countries, are proving to be a successful and cost-effective way in aiding smokers to quit. As this study reveals, a media campaign targeting a specific ethnic group can be effective in increasing quit rates and quitline calls...
Prevalence and progression of subclinical atherosclerosis in younger adults with low short-term but high lifetime estimated risk for cardiovascular disease: the coronary artery risk development in young adults study and multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis
The results of this study examines atherosclerosis in younger adults with high lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease and helps to identify individuals in need of more aggressive intervention efforts...
Childhood obesity, other cardiovascular risk factors, and premature death
This study shows that among a group of American Indian youths, obesity was associated with a rate of death in young adulthood and middle age that was about twice that of individuals without diabetes...
Consumption of fruit and vegetables among elderly people: a cross sectional study from Iran
Studies show that low consumption of fruit and vegetables is a risk factor for coronary heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. In Iran, chronic diseases are the primary cause of death and morbidity...
Associations of advertisement-promotion-sponsorship-related factors with current cigarette smoking among in-school adolescents in Zambia
Children's exposure to tobacco advertising continues unabated in Zambia. A recent study confirmed a close association between advertising, promotion, and sponsorship of tobacco on television and cigarette smoking among adolescents in that country...
Waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking: direct comparison of toxicant exposure.
This small study shows that waterpipe tobacco smoking can be as harmful as cigarette smoking. Each puff from the waterpipe involved 12 times the smoke of a cigarette puff...
Association of diet, exercise, and smoking modification with risk of early cardiovascular events after acute coronary syndromes
This 41-country study of the influence of adherence to behavioral recommendations among a cohort of 18,809 survivors of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) indicates that behavioral recommendations in the immediate post-event care of ACS patients should be a higher priority for physicians and its authors urge investment in programs that enhance early lifestyle modification and secondary prevention....
Erectile dysfunction and CVD risk prediction
The results of the present study suggest that ED is associated with an increased CVD risk but the presence of ED added little discriminatory power to the well-accepted Framingham risk score for predicting CVD over a defined time period...
Systematic examination of the updated Framingham Heart Study General Cardiovascular Risk Profile
The results of this important study examine and extend the recently updated FRS which features an expanded endpoint of CVD and discussion of "vascular age"...
Projected effect of dietary salt reductions on CVD
New data suggest that reduction in dietary salt of 3 grams per day would have approximately the same effect on rates of CHD events as a 50% reduction in tobacco use, a 5% reduction in body-mass index among obese adults, or the use of statins to treat persons at low or intermediate risk for CHD events...
Conservative vs invasive treament in unstable coronary syndrome
The results of the present study, in patients presenting with NSTE-ACS, reinforce the importance of medical management in these patients and use of coronary revascularization approaches on an as needed basis once other patient characteristics and patient and provider needs have been taken into account....
For children, Mediterranean diet not enough
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with obesity in children, but other factors such as maternal obesity, gender, physical activity status, and dietary beliefs and behaviors were more significantly associated with obesity....
Community health workers reduce diabetes-related hospital visits
Among a low-income, urban, African American population with diabetes, a team of community health workers and nurse case managers reduced ER utilization by about 23%," the study reports.
Learning from Mexico on trans fatty acids
The authors of the study note that even though the public health context seemed to be appropriate to promote TFA policy, the issue is not on the political agenda because it lacks legitimacy and support as a health or regulatory issue...
